Without further comment on an ideal world, the following will provide details on a tried and true method for making a secure, weatherproof splice, should the need arise. In an ideal world, a sensor’s cable will resist aging, repel nature’s most persistent rodents, and always be just long enough to reach any controller. In many instances a sensor’s cable length can be a direct cause or effect of this diversion. Finished fiber optic splices are housed in splice boxes.As anyone involved in the field installation of sensors can confirm, there are times when a diversion from the original plan must be followed. A good splice should have an attenuation of less than 0.3 dB over the entire distance. Measurements are made by means of special measuring devices including optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR). ![]() ![]() When working with good equipment, the damping value is according to experience at max. In the jacket centering (usually in multimode fibers), the fibers are adjusted to each other by means of electronic image processing in front of the splice. A possible core offset with respect to the jacket is corrected. At core centering (usually single-mode fibers), the fiber cores are aligned. Here one differentiates core and jacket centering. For newer generation devices, alignment is done automatically by motors. Since no additional material is added, such as gas welding or soldering, this is called a " fusion splice".ĭepending on the quality of the splicing process, attenuation values at the splice points are achieved by 0.3 dB, with good splices also below 0.02 dB. Subsequently, the fibers are fused together (welded) with an electric arc. An experienced splicer can precisely position the fiber ends within a few seconds. The adjustment is done fully automatically in modern devices, whereas in older models this is carried out manually by means of micrometer screws and microscope. The splicer precisely adjusts the light-guiding cores of the two ends of the glass fibers to be spliced. For wire connection strips (AVL = Adernverbindungsleisten) several pairs of wires (10 = AVL10 or 20 = AVL20) are inserted, the strip is then closed with a lid and pressed together with a hydraulic press, which ensures the connection.įiber-optic cables are spliced using a special arc-splicer, with installation cables connected at their ends to respective "pigtails" - short individual fibers with fiber-optic connectors at one end.The about 2 cm long AVH consist of contact, pressure and insulation. The two wires to be connected are inserted into the AVH without being stripped, which is then compressed with special pliers. Wire connection sleeves (AVH = Adernverbindungshülsen) and other crimp connectors.LSA techniques (LSA: soldering, screwing and stripping free) are used to connect copper wires, making the copper wires faster and easier to connect. ![]() The splicing of copper wires is mainly used on paper insulated wires. To isolate the splice, an insulating sleeve made of paper or plastic is pushed over it. ![]() In some cases, the strangulation is soldered. The bare veins on a length of about 3 cm "strangle" or "twist".The wires are wrapped two to three times around each other ( twisting).The cores are laid one above the other at the junction.The splicing of copper wires happens in the following steps:
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